The Guide to Product Metrics
设计指标是容易被忽视的问题，要么什么都看，要么什么都不看；
不好的指标设计会产生“浪费杠杆”，指标不对，后面用指标的人跟着全进坑；
关注哪些指标能看出团队的运营能力；
这篇文档适合用来达成团队对指标看法的基本审美。
“If we improve this number will the product’s long-term performance improve?”
Single-mindedly maximizing your focus metric can hurt your product. For example, if a news site cares only about videos watched, they might autoplay videos once a page loads. This ultimately frustrates visitors who don’t want to watch the content and drives them to a competitor’s site, reducing retention. Focus metrics should be the top priority, not the sole priority, and improving the focus metric should not be accomplished at the expense of harming other KPIs.
尽管可有很多指标，但是 Having too many goals can be just as ineffective as having none, because everyone will have different ideas about where to spend their time to make the product successful.
Industry-specific metric examples
领先指标
输入的质量决定结果，这个输入主要是说流量，有没有引入高质量的用户。
Leading indicators are like inputs. They measure the activities necessary to achieve your goals. Lagging indicators are like outputs. They measure the actual results.
指标设计反例
有指标但是没有人对此负责，或者说模糊不清。比如Server Costs per Month，用户越来越多成本肯定是在上升，但是上升是好还是坏这个指标说不清，于是改用Cost per 1 Billion API Calls ，这样就可以很清晰的看到工程效率。
监控总量而不是变化。总量一直会长，不看变化很难看出好坏。
图一（总量）
图二（变化）
We display the dashboard on a wall-mounted screen in our office. When we walk to the bathroom we can’t help but read it.
It’s impossible for us to hide from failure.
新产品数据分析中最重要的事，衡量产品/市场匹配
First, you have to decide what you want to learn. Then, you figure out how you’re going to measure it. And only after that do you build your experiment.Before you build anything — product, marketing campaigns, whatever, decide what you’re going to learn from building it.
诀窍是选择一个指标，该指标可以准确地代表人们从产品中获得的价值以及我们期望该价值被使用的频率，让我们来看一些真实的例子
AirBnB希望优化每个用户的年度预订量。Facebook着眼于每月活跃用户，而eBay则关注每位用户每周的商品总价值。
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